Deform

Compute the deformation by applying both bending and torsion

bend(
  data,
  elastic_modulus,
  shear_modulus,
  step = 0.02,
  points = 100,
  iterations = 15,
  verbose = TRUE
)

Arguments

data

Point data.frame (see details).
elastic_modulus

Elasticity modulus (bending, MPa)
shear_modulus

Shear modulus (torsion, MPa)
step

Length of the segments that discretize the object (m).
points

Number of points used in the grid discretizing the section.
iterations

Number of iterations to compute the torsion and bending
verbose

Boolean. Return information during procress?

Value

A data.frame():

  • x (m): X coordinate

  • y (m): Y coordinate

  • z (m): Z coordinate

  • length (m): length of the section

  • angle_xy (degree): angle of the segment with the XY plane

  • angle_xz (degree): angle of the segment with the XZ plane

  • torsion (degree): rotation angle of the segment

Details

The data argument is a data.frame() with each row being a point and each column being:

  • x: x coordinate of the segment

  • y: y coordinate of the segment

  • z: z coordinate of the segment

  • type: section type of the segment. 1: triangle (bottom-oriented); 2 : rectangle; 3 : triangle (top-oriented); 4 : ellipsis; 5 : circle.

  • width (m): segment section width

  • height (m): segment section height

  • mass (kg): mass of the segment

  • mass_right (kg): mass carried by the segment, on the right side

  • mass_left (kg): mass carried by the segment, on the left side

  • torsion (degree): initial torsion angle of the segment

  • distance_application (m): application distances for the left and right weights (see e.g. distance_weight_sine())

Examples

filepath = system.file("extdata/6_EW01.22_17_kanan.txt", package = "biomech")
df = read_mat(filepath)
# Un-bending the field measurements:
df = unbend(df)

# Adding the distance of application of the left and right weight:
df$distance_application = distance_weight_sine(df$x)

# (Re-)computing the deformation:
df_bend = bend(df, elastic_modulus = 2000, shear_modulus = 400, step = 0.02, points = 100,
               iterations = 15, verbose = TRUE)

#>  Final torsion angle at the tip (degree) =  12.52822